West Nile fever

West Nile fever is caused by the West Nile virus. This virus can be transmitted by various species of mosquitoes. It is a disease of migratory birds that can also be transmitted to various mammals and humans. The virus is primarily spread among birds. In areas where the virus causes illness among birds, other animals and humans can also become infected after a mosquito bite. The mosquitoes that transmit the disease are often active in the evening and at night, but mosquitoes that are active during the day can also spread the virus. Ticks can also carry and transmit the disease, but the role of ticks in the spread of the West Nile virus is unclear. The virus is not transmissible from person to person.

Where does West Nile fever occur?

You can contract the virus in parts of Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia, North, Central, and South America.

What are the symptoms?

In most cases, the disease progresses without severe symptoms. In some cases, flu-like symptoms may occur:

• Fever
• Headache
• Muscle pain
• Abdominal complaints
• Skin rash
• Enlarged lymph nodes
• Neurological symptoms
• Fatigue (residual symptom)

How can you prevent West Nile fever?

There is currently no vaccine available for West Nile fever. The only way to protect yourself is to ensure you do not get bitten; taking mosquito-repellent measures can help with this. It is also wise to keep an eye on local news so you know when there is an outbreak of West Nile fever.

More information

Would you like to know more about West Nile fever? Then visit the information page of the RIVM here: West Nile fever | RIVM.