Nipah virus

Nipah virus (NiV) is a rare but highly harmful infectious disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans. The virus circulates primarily among certain bat species. In some cases, the virus can also be transmitted from person to person, usually through contact with bodily fluids.

Where is Nipah virus found?

Nipah virus is primarily found in South and Southeast Asia. Outbreaks are specifically reported in countries where people may come into contact with bats or contaminated food.

What are the symptoms of the Nipah virus?

The incubation period for the Nipah virus is 3 to 14 days. Symptoms can range from mild to very severe.

Common symptoms:

• Fever
• Headache or confusion
• Coughing or shortness of breath
• Dizziness
• Nausea or vomiting
• Diarrhea

Severe complications:

• Encephalitis (brain inflammation)
• Death

How can you prevent the Nipah virus?

There is currently no vaccine or treatment for the Nipah virus. Care focuses primarily on alleviating symptoms and supporting vital functions.

Advice to prevent infection:

• Avoid contact with bats and their droppings.
• Do not consume food that may have been touched by bats. The Nipah virus is sometimes transmitted by drinking date palm juice. Bats urinate in pots hanging from date palm trees to collect this juice. Maintain hygiene measures and only eat food that is served hot and fresh. Food should be thoroughly cooked. Peel all fruit yourself. In short: "Boil it, cook it, peel it, or forget it."
• Avoid close contact with people showing symptoms.
• Follow local health guidelines and advice while travelling.

More information

Research into the Nipah virus is still ongoing. This page will be updated as new information becomes available.